FUNCTION pada C++

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FUNCTION in C++

The function is a block of program code designed to perform specific tasks.

The function of many involved in the creation of a program, with the aim of:

1.                            The program became more tersetuktur, making it easy to understand and easy to develop

Can reduce code duplication.

2.                            A structured program. Large programs can be broken down into

several smaller programs, each one is a small program

has a specific task.

3.                            Can reduce code duplication.

4.                            The function can be called from another program or function.

The general form of a function is as follows:

Data type the function name (parameter list) { / * Function Body * / return value return; / * for the data type is not void * /             }

Functions of type void

Functions of type void, if the pascal or delphi program called procedure. This function has no return value, so the function of this type is just a bunch of code that works in accordance with the given parameters.

function main

Is a core function of the program and the beginning and end of the execution. This function should be present in every program. {Open braces mark the first sign and the sign function main braces} be an sign of the end of the main function.

First run, the computer will look for Funsi Main () and execute the instructions in it.

Examples of functions of type void:

Shown void Name () { Text color (RED); cprintf ("My Name: Write name Ada \ n \ r"); cprintf ("Address: Jl. No. May Sabara. 641 \ n \ r"); cprintf ("Phone: 022-888-555 \ n \ r"); } main () { Shown name (); Shown name (); Shown name (); }

In the above program, there is a function called Appearing Name (), which is useful for displaying data Name, Address, and Phone. In the main program (function main ()), how to call a function is to write the name of the function (in this case Shown name ()). So the above program will display the contents Shown function name () 3 times.

The above function is a function called without using parameters. To see examples of parameterized functions, consider the program below.

void box (int X1, int Y1, int X2, int Y2, int frame, int background) { int i; textcolor (Frame); textbackground (Background); gotoxy (X1, Y1); cprintf ("é") / * alt +218 * / gotoxy (X1, Y2); cprintf ("% c", 192); gotoxy (X2, Y1); cprintf ("% c", 191); gotoxy (X2, Y2); cprintf ("% c", 217); for (i = X1 +1; i <= X2-1; i + +) { gotoxy (i, Y1); cprintf ("% c", 196); gotoxy (i, Y2); cprintf ("% c", 196); } for (i = Y1 +1; i <= Y2-1; i + +) { gotoxy (X1, i); cprintf ("% c", 179); gotoxy (X2, i); cprintf ("% c", 179); } } main () { Box (1,1,80,24, WHITE, BLUE);/ / Calling Procedure Box Box (2,2,15,23, WHITE, RED); getch (); return 0; }

Void Box is a function that will create a box on the screen according to the coordinates given in the parameter. These coordinates are the top left coordinates (X1, Y1), and the coordinates of the lower right (X2, Y2). Besides this function requires a parameter that is useful for determining frame box frame color, as well as a useful parameter for determining background color background made ​​box.

Dialling Box (1,1,80,24, WHITE, BLUE) allows you to create a box with upper left position on the coordinate (1,1) and bottom right position at coordinates (80.24) with the color white box frame with background blue box.

Function data type

In the world of mathematics, we know the function. Example: F (X) = X2 +3 X +5, which means we have a function named F which takes the parameter X as the data to be calculated by the equation X2 +3 X +5 so if we write F (5), then the value of the function was 52 + 3.5 + 5 = 45.

The general form of this function in the Pascal language is:

Type Data Name Function (parameter list)

{

commands;

commands;

The Return Value To Function;

}

Example 1: Function to calculate mathematical equations F (X) = X2 +3 X +5;

float F (float X) { return X * X * X +5 +3;/ / Function filled result of the calculation of X2 +3 * X +5 }

Example 2: Function to find the factorial of a value

float factorial (int N) { int I; float result; Result: = 1; for (i = 2; I <= N; I + +) Result = Result * I; return result; }

Example 3: The function to look for combination with the formula:

The combination of (X, Y) =

Float Combination (int X, int Y) { return factorial (Y) / (factorial (X) * Factorial (YX)); }

Contoh sebuah program yang terdiri dari satu main program dan satu subprogram (fungsi).

Sample source code available

/ / PROGRAM AREA AND VOLUME

# include <stdio.h>

# include <conio.h>

/ / function area of ​​a rectangle

int arithmetic_broad (int p, int l) {

int ls;

ls = p * l;

return ls;

}

/ / function block's volume

arithmetic _volume int (int p, int l, int t) {

int vol;

vol = p * l * t;

return vol;

}

/ / main program

main () {

int length, width, height, area, volume;

printf ("PROGRAM AREA AND VOLUME \ n");

printf ("Enter the length:"); scanf ("% d", & length);

printf ("Enter the width:"); scanf ("% d", & width);

printf ("Enter the height:"); scanf ("% d", & height);

area = arithmetic _ broad (length, width);

arithmetic _volume volume = (length, width, height);

printf ("Area of ​​square is:% d \ n", area);

printf ("The volume of the block is:% d \ n", volume);

getch ();

}

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